Identifies, through comparative state practice, the evolution, functions, and financial structures of research institutions on contemporary states. Outlines the utility of research institutions and the five key functions common to most states in their institute models. These five elements include: (1) providing elected leaders, policy makers, and the public with expert advice based on sound scientific evidence; (2) promoting education and public awareness; (3) conducting and fostering research to keep the state current with modern developments and technology; (4) developing creative discoveries and innovative research strategies; and (5) discovering cures to worldwide epidemics.