This memorandum examines the current state of the justice system in Iraq that is giving rise to the need for reconsideration of the existing system of penal sanctions. It provides background information for legislators on various non-custodial sanctions used in countries around the world and includes an overview of international standards relevant to the topic. Key comparative examples are provided from United Arab Emirates, Canada, Kenya, United Kingdom and Zimbabwe, among others. The paper concludes with an additional proposal to modernize the existing monetary penalty system in Iraq.