This memorandum offers a comparative overview of legislative frameworks governing land and natural-resource management across Iraq and nine jurisdictions, including Iran, Türkiye, Saudi Arabia, the United States, Kosovo, Japan, the European Union, Germany, and Sweden. Drawing on these examples, it identifies best practices in environmental assessment, water and waste management, renewable energy promotion, and investment protection. Based on the legislative gaps and institutional challenges identifies in Iraq, the memorandum distills these experiences into concrete recommendations that provide options to strengthen Iraqi legislation, improve enforceability, and enhance institutional accountability. Importantly, it emphasizes sustainable development, ensuring that economic growth can advance in parallel with preservation and associated obligations regarding land management and natural resources good governance. By focusing on legislative approaches – rather than policies or secondary instruments – the memorandum equips parliamentarians with targeted options for more permanent legal reforms that address Iraq’s specific needs while aligning with international best practice.